The research project adopts an integrated approach drawing on transnational history and histoire croisée, two methodological frameworks that seek to transcend the narrow boundaries of national historiography. Transnational history views nation-states not as self-contained entities but as parts of broader networks of interaction within which political movements, concepts, ideologies, and practices circulate, intersect, and are reshaped. Histoire croisée, for its part, does not limit itself to comparing similar phenomena but examines how concepts, symbols, practices, and ideological formations are transformed as they circulate across different social and cultural contexts. The two methodologies converge in the study of transnational networks and exchanges, offering an analytical toolkit that links conceptual entanglements to the historical fields of action that make them possible. Their synthesis enables a deeper and multilayered understanding of historical phenomena, avoiding both empiricism and overly abstract analysis, while bringing to light the ways in which ideas and practices are interwoven in supranational environments.
These methodological choices are employed in the study of the Greek far right, with the aim of demonstrating how its concepts, discourses, and practices were significantly shaped through transnational connections and the transcendence of national borders. The transnational approach allows for the mapping of circulations and exchanges that co-produced convergent forms of political culture, embedded identities, and homogenized multiplicity. The choice of the Greek case, although peripheral within the European context, aligns with the logic of transnational historiography, which holds that there are no privileged or non-privileged actors in global phenomena; hence the Greek far right is examined through the networks, entanglements, and exchanges linking it to contemporaneous developments abroad. Greece’s position between West and East, as well as the incorporation of local experiences into international circulations of ideas, sheds light on processes of incorporation, adaptation, and contextualization of far-right discourse, showing that what proves decisive is not only the transnational ideological corpus itself but also its particular readings and re-contextualizations by Greek and foreign activists—processes that contribute to the formation of a virtually shared European far-right culture.